College

Intro to Sociolinguistics: (Information-Test)

6:43:00 AM


MID TEST
Ade Gustia Putri
(1588203040)

1.      What is Sociolinguistics?
Answer:    
Sociolinguistics is the study of the relationship between language and society. Socio means society and linguist means study of language. It is any set of linguistics form which pattern according to social factors. They are concerned with identifying the social functions of language and cultural context, especially how people with different social identities speak up for example gender, age, race, ethnicity, class and  how their speech changes in different situations. Also, it is used to convey social meaning.

2.      Why do we learn Sociolinguistics?
Answer:    
As we can see, Sociolinguistics is study of language and society. It is a very significant aspect in our lives, as we use it very often. It helps us shape our character by the use of language, and it is common to use sociolinguistics. With learning sociolinguistics, we can be understood using a language, more aspects or variation of language and language style here like (Dialect, Accent, Lingua Franca, Pidgin, Creole, Speech Communities, Codes and others). We use it all the time, but we never pay close attention.

3.      What is the relation between language and society?
Answer:    
People use language and that language is part of society. Social context looks at relationships between language and society and looks at language as people use it. It considers the relationship between a person’s language and their social identity. Language does not affect what we can see in the world, but it is still possible that language affects people and society because maybe language still affects the way we can think.

4.      Please mention and explain the branches of linguistics!
Answer:    

Linguistics is the scientific study of language. In studying linguistics, there are two major categories, include:
-          Pure Linguistics:        
1. Phonetic (branch of linguistics that comprises the study of the sounds of human speech)
2. Phonology (the study of sound patterns and their meanings, both within and across languages)
3. Morphology (the study of the forms of things, a particular form, shape, or structure)
4. Syntax (the study of the rules for the formation of grammatical   sentences in language)
5. Lexicology (the study of the formation, meaning, and use of words and of idiomatic combinations of words)
6. Semantics (the study of meaning in language)
-          Applied Linguistics:   
1. Sociolinguistics (the study of relationship between language and society)
2. Psycholinguistics (the study of the relationships between linguistics behavior and             psychological processes, including the process of language acquisition.
Others.
 
5.      What is standard language? Giving an example!
Answer:    
Standard language is the variety of language that used in formal situations; it is refers to mode of usage of most educated speakers of a language and established as the prestigious form of that language. Example: Language in textbook.

6.      Elaborating the language, dialect and accent, please!
Answer:    
-          Language is the method of human communication either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way. Language consist of Dialect and Accent.
-          Dialect is the variety of language characteristics, consist of pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar and lexical.
-          Accent is just only in pronunciation (high/low sound)

7.      Giving an example of formal language and informal language!
Answer:
Formal language    :           A: Are you one of students in this school?
                                          B: Yes, I am
Informal language:            A: Student here?
                                          B: Of course

8.      What aspects of language are sociolinguists interested in?
Answer:
Sociolinguists are interested in explaining why people speak differently in different social context. Sociolinguistics interested in social factors such as social status, social distance, age, gender, class, culture, region and language varieties (dialect, genre, etc.) Sociolinguists are also concerned with identifying the social functions of language and the way it is used to convey social meaning.

9.      When two or more people from different language met and tried to communicate, what should they do?
Answer:
a.     Pidgin is a language with no native speakers, only some area that understand the language. It is limited vocabulary and unstructured sentence.
b.     Creole is often define as a pidgin that has become the first language (mother tongue) of a new generation of speakers.
c.       Lingua Franca is a language used to communicate that does not have native language.
      When two or more people met and tried to communicate, they spoke using one language that is no native language (lingua franca). And also in some area they will use Pidgin to understand with other people speak, after long process of time, people using a simple language (creole) to communicate each other.
10.  Why do people switch and mix a language?
Answer:
1.      Talking about a particular topic
People sometimes prefer to talk about a particular topic in one language rather than in another. Sometimes, a speaker feels free and more comfortable to express his/her emotional feelings in a language that is not his/her everyday language.
2.      Expressing group identity
Code switching and code mixing can also be used to express group identity. The way of communication of academic people in their disciplinary groupings, are obviously different from the other groups.
3.      For prestige (to soften or strengthen request or command)
For Indonesian people, mixing and switching Indonesian into English can also function as a request because English is not their native tongue, so it does not sound as direct as Indonesian.
4.         Rival in speaking
Rival in speaking is also causes how often they code mixing and code switching.
5.      Time and place in speaking
The formal place is fewer for using code mixing and code switching because the speaker have prepared the material to be discussed.

11.  Giving an example of code switching and code mixing!
Answer:
Code switching
Laras:        Lima menit lagi rapat dimulai, tapi tumben sekali Susi belum datang
Diana:        Tapi dia tadi bilang mau datang
Laras:        Itu dia datang. Woi, tumben je mepet le mangkat. Seko ngendi?
Susi:          Mampir ngomah sikek.

Code Mixing
-          Jangan kuatir, next time will be better.
-          Come on baby, jangan terlalu diambil pusing.


College

DISCOURSE ANALYSIS: ARTICLE'S FRAMEWORK

6:33:00 PM


The article with title “Mass Media Discourse: A Critical Analysis Research Agenda”.
AUTHORS: Faiz Sathi Abdullah from Department of English, Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication, Putra Malaysia University (2014).
My Article’s title: Discourse on Mass Media: A study of Critical Analysis Research Agenda.
This article aims to revisit some key issues in approaches to research on mass media texts from a discourse analytical perspective.
This article concludes that CDA’s multidisciplinary approach to research on mass media discourse helps reveal hidden socio-political issues and agenda in various areas of language as social practice.
Examples of actual CDA research on mass media discourse are reviewed in terms of topics of apparent popular interest among practitioners such as racist discourse in news reporting, language of globalization and neo-capitalism, and war news reporting.

THE ARTICLE’S FRAMEWORK




College

SOCIOLINGUISTICS: PIDGINS AND CREOLES

6:32:00 PM



Pidgin is a language with no native speakers : it is no one's first language but is a contact language (only some area that understand the language).
-Limited Vocabulary
- Unstructured Sentence
The origin of pidgin comes from colonialism trade and slavery. Pidgin language started to develop in areas where the colonists and trades come and settled.
At that time pidgin was the lingua franca for trading and a communication tool for slaves.
Have we ever heard of this expression "Long time no see" that is the simple example pidgin based on English.
Creole is often define as a pidgin that has become the first language (mother tongue) of a new generation of speakers.
Pidgin can be creole cause it is need big structure or completed sentence.
The different between pidgin and creole are:
Pidgin is no native speaker, while creole native speaker.
Pidgin is mixing of language and reduced grammar and vocabulary. Creole is mixed language associated with cultural and often racial mixture and have parents who use pidgin.

Q&A:
-          Fajrin Suhaila
Please give more explanation and example of creole!
Answer: Creole is the mixing of some language that become a new language as the first language. Creole is mother tongue. This language appears as caused of pidgins. Example: Papua New Guinea’s language. and creole
-          Syahfitri
As a teacher candidates, what is the advantages by learning pidgins and creoles for us?
Answer: *Teacher can be the bridge for students in the class which have more than one language.
*Students can be more enthusiast with the language.
-          Annisa Septiani
What is the relationship among pidgins, creoles and Sociolinguistics?
Answer: we know that, Sociolinguistics is the study of language and society. Pidgins is used in certain situation to communicate with people who has different language. It is mixing of language with limited vocabulary and unstructured sentence while creoles is mixing of some language become a new language (mother tongue) to communicate in some area. So, pidgins and creoles have relationships with Sociolinguistics cause it happened in society.



College

SOCIOLINGUISTICS: LANGUAGE, DIALECT AND VARIETIES

10:42:00 AM

Language is  the method of human communication either spoken or written,  consisting of the use of words  in a structured and conventional way. Lower part of variety language is Dialect and the main part is Language. Language consist of Dialect and Accent.
Dialect is the variety of language characteristics, consist of pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar and lexical.
Accent is just only in pronunciation (high/low sound).
There are two kind of dialect, namely: Regional dialect and Social dialect.
Style is the way speakers speak, the speaker also can make a choice weather informal and formal, it depend on circumstance and the age and social group of participant. Registers refers to particular way of using language in particular settings within that community. Belief is systems of ideas or ideology.

Q&A:
Mike Yulfa Acmi
Why do sociolect has closer relationship with social background rather that geographical background?
Answer: Before that, we have to know about what is social background and geo background. Social background is condition that interact with people in daily activity. Social background also has big effect cause we do that every day. While geographical background is just the location or region where we from. E.g: when we move to other place such as to Bandung that more dominant using Sundanese language in communication. So we will be change our language to communicate and interact with peoples there easily.

Ratna Sari
Can you show more examples and main difference between social and regional dialect?
Answer: - Regional dialect, there may even be very distinctive local colorings in the language which you notice as you move  from one location to another.
Social dialect, the term dialect can also be used to describe difference in speech associated with various social groups if classes. Such as social class, religion and ethnicity.

Asep Sukroko
Explain the differences between language, dialect and accent!
Answer: Language is a tool to communicate with peoples around the world. Dialect is lower part of language that consist of variety of vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation. Accent is only variation of pronunciation.

TM. Ridhani
How can language be different each other?
Answer: In the past, there is correspondence between each country about the use of language. Whether it is same or different language.

Desi Nori Sahputri
Language and dialect are ambiguous term. What does it mean?
Answer: When people communicate, usually they know what language they use/speak. They may experience difficulty in deciding whether what they speak should be called dialect of some language. So it is why language and dialect are ambiguous term.

College

SOCIOLINGUISTICS: INTRO TO SOCIOLINGUISTICS

7:07:00 AM

Sociolinguistics is the study of the relationship between language and society. It is any set of linguistics form which pattern according to social factors.

Sociolinguistics is concerned with language in social and cultural context, especially how people with different social identities for example gender, age, race, ethnicity, class. Speak and  how their speech changes in different situations.

Q&A!!!!
• Siti Rafiah
Q : Why do accent and dialect are included into sociolinguistics ?
A : Just we know, Sociolinguistics concern on the using of language in society. In communities, variation language will developed and known by many people. Some people use different style while they are communicating with others.
In sociolinguistics, we have to study about accent and dialect. Because, rhythm and tone needed on language of society. Ex: there is different using of  rhythm and tone between Malaynese and Bataknese.

• Hotdiana Pasaribu
Q : Please give an example of sociolinguistics and sociology of language in types of Sociolinguistics!
A : We have known about them. Sociolinguistics is language that we use everyday in society. Depending on place and situations.
Sociology of language is effect from the using of language in society (Slang, Bhs Alay/Gaul)
So the example of them, are:
- kamu tidak jelas (sociolinguistics)
- aaah gaje lu mah (sociology of language)

• Febti Mahani Btbr
Q : What is the different between Accent and Dialect?
A : Accent is Sound/ tone and the rhythm of a language. Accent of Melayu darat can be different with Melayu pesisir. Also, Dialect is the different both of sound and vocabularies that used by society. For example,
-Melayu Pesisir (Miko nak kemane)
-Melayu daratan (nak kemano)