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Present Progressive Tense

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The present progressive (also called present continuous) is a verb tense which is used to show that an ongoing action is happening now.

Continuous and Progressive mean unfinished / incomplete or ongoing.  It indicates continuing action, something going on now.

Even though it is a present tense, the present progressive tense can also be used to describe an activity that is going to happen in the future (especially for planned activities).

Progressive tense verbs end with “ing” -> base form + ing

 

The [verb] + "ing" part is known as a present participle. It is formed like this:

Add "ing" to most verbs, like:

·  play -> playing

·  shout -> shouting

·  buy -> buying

For verbs that end "e", remove the "e" and add "ing", like:

·  prepare -> preparing

·  ride -> riding

For verbs that end "ie", change the "ie" to "y" and add "ing", like:

·  lie -> lying

·  untie -> untying

For verbs whose last syllable is written [consonant-vowel-consonant] and is stressed, double the final consonant and add "ing", like:

·  run -> running

·  forget -> forgetting

 

Kinds of Present Progressive Tense

·    The Affirmative Version in the Present Progressive

To form affirmative sentences in the Present Progressive, here is the formula:

 

Subject + to be (am, is, are) + Base form (Verb 1) +ing [Present Participle]

For examples:

First-person singular    : I am reading

Second-person singular  : You are reading      

Third-person singular    : He/she/it is reading

First-person plural       : We are reading       

Second-person plural     : You are reading

Third-person plural       : They are reading

 

These are the complex examples:

·  She is moving to South Korea in the summer.

·  The Bus is arriving in 2 minutes.

·  Stephanie is decorating a cupcake right now.

·  They are painting the wall now.

 

·    The Negative Version in the Present Progressive

If you want to form the negative sentences in the present progressive, you can use the following formula:

 

Subject + to be (am, is, are) + not + Base form (Verb 1) +ing [Present Participle]

 

For examples:

·  Catherine is not preparing for her exams.

·  Laura is not always coming late to School.

·  They are not going to The Zoo.

 

Note: The word "is not" and "are not" are sometimes written as the contractions "isn't" and "aren't".

 

·  The Question Version / Interogative Version in the Present Progressive

If you need to ask a question, you can use the following word order for a yes/no question:

 

To be (am, is, are) + Subject + Base form (Verb 1) +ing [Present Participle] ?

 

· Is Jessica cooking Fish in the kitchen?

· Are They closing the studio?

 

We can use the following word order for a question-word question:

 

Question Word + To be (am, is, are) + Subject + Base form (Verb 1) +ing [Present Participle] ?

 

·  When is Jessica cooking Fish in the kitchen?

·  Why are They closing the studio?

 

 

 Tense is the time of an action described by a verb, shown by its grammatical form.

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Simple Present Tense

     The simple present is a verb tense with two main uses.
We use the simple present tense when an action is happening right now, or when it happens regularly.
Depending on the person, the simple present tense is formed by using the root form (base form) except, for third-person singular is formed by adding ‑s or ‑es to the end of root form (base form+s/es).

For examples:
First-person singular       : I write
Second-person singular  : You write
Third-person singular     : He/she/it writes (note the ‑s)
First-person plural           : We write
Second-person plural      : You write
Third-person plural         : They write
 
In the simple present, verb form for third-person singular (She, He, It) depending on the suffix of verb (base form).

1. For a few verbs ends with –es. Typically, these are verbs whose root form ends in o, ch, sh, ss, x, or z.
·      go – goes
·      catch – catches
·      wash – washes
·      kiss – kisses
·      box – boxes
·      fizz – fizzes
 
2. For a few verbs with the suffix of root form in consonant + Y, remove Y and add –ies in the end of verb.
·       carry – carries
·       study – studies
·       worry – worries
·       marry – marries
 
3. Even for a few verbs with the suffix of root form in vowel + Y, just needs to add –S.

     ·      say – says

     ·      enjoy – enjoys

Examples in sentence
 
1.       For showing recurring events that taking place at this time.
·       I drive the car to the office.
·       The Bus to Jakarta leaves every hour.
·       Poppy sleeps eight hours every night during the week.
 
2.      For showing a fact.
·       The President of Indonesia is Joko Widodo.
·       A worm has no legs.
·       Indonesia has 34 Provinces.
 
3.      For showing a habit.
·       Peter takes a bath twice a day.
·       Ayu gets up early at 5 o’clock every day.
·       Every year at Mubarak, most of people travel to their village (hometown).

Kinds of Simple Present Tense
 
·      Affirmative sentences in the Simple Present Tense
To form affirmative sentences, here is the formula:
 

 
Examples:
-       She reads English Book every day.
-       They sing new song of Judika in the School Hall.
 

Subject + to be (is, am, are) + nominal form (adjective/noun)

 
Examples:
-       Gigi Hadid is the wife of Zayn Malik
-       They are the best runners in the school
 
·      Negative sentences in the Simple Present Tense
To form a negative sentence in simple present, usually use adding “do not” or “does not” before base form (verb), EXCEPT to be and Modal, here is the formula:
 

Subject + do not / does not + Base form (V1) + Object

 
Note: for third-person singular (She, He, It), after “does not” verb form is not added s/es.
 
Examples:
-       Kenzie does not listen her mom
-       They do not bring English dictionary
 

Subject + to be (is, am, are) + not + nominal form (adjective/noun)

 
Examples:
-       Prabowo is not the President of Indonesia
-       I am not happy
 
·      Interogative sentences in the Simple Present Tense
To form an interogative sentence in the simple present, usually use adding “do” or “does” in the first sentence. Here is the formula:
 

Do / Does +Subject + Base form (V1) + Object

 
Note: The word “do” is used for the subjects are (I, You, We, They). However, the word “does” is used for the subjects are (She, He, It).
 
Examples:
-       Does she wash her clothes? Yes, She does / No, She does not
-       Do you play badminton every morning? Yes, They do / No, They do not
 

To be (is, am, are) + Subject + nominal form (adjective/noun)

 
Examples:
-       Is she the new staff of Pratama Group? Yes, She is / No, She is not
-       Are they the students of Gajah Mada University? Yes, They are / No, They are not